Since the independence administered by the UN was approved in the 1993 referendum, Eritrea has had its ups and downs. Located in the Horn of Africa, Eritrea is bordered by Ethiopia in the south, Djibouti in the southeast and Sudan in the west, with frequent tensions erupting along the borders to Ethiopia and Djibouti. In Asmara, the capital of Eritra, can find several cultural buildings worth seeing, such as the St Joseph's Cathedral or the Al Khulafa Al Rashiudin Mosque.

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Geographically, Eritrea can be split up in two distinctly different regions. On the one hand, there is Central Eritrea, the inland in the northwest of the country with the capital Asmara, the central highlands, and the western lowlands. On the other, there is Coastal Eritrea, Eritrea's long Red Sea coast separated from Central Eritrea by the one of the world's longest mountain ranges along the Great Rift Valley, with fertile lands to the west, descending to desert in the east.  Along the coastline, there are the cities of Assab, Beylul, Edd, Massawa and Nafka, as well as the noteworthy sites of the Dahlak Archipelago and the Debre Bizen monastery.